This introductory video introduces the theory, research, and concepts of Czech physician Dr. Vladimir Janda (1928-2002). Dr. Janda pioneered the concept of muscle imbalance syndromes, and developed a systematic evaluation and treatment approach to musculoskeletal pain syndromes. This video provides scientific evidence to support the role of muscular imbalance in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal pain. With functional pathologies, the actual cause of pain is rarely at the site of pain. A systematic evaluation helps clinicians quickly determine the cause of pain to initiate specific treatment using a variety of techniques. Dr. Janda developed a specific proprioceptive exercise program, Sensorimotor Training (SMT), using inexpensive exercise equipment ideal for clinical or home exercise programs.